![]() ![]() This YouTube Video explains the details and provides many quotes from medical studies – Hypocapnia, Respiratory Alkalosis: Key Causes of Deaths in the Most Sick. It is common for those with numerous diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, HIV-AIDS, asthma, COPD, and many other conditions. ![]() Respiratory alkalosis, the result of heavy breathing in the sick, is the most common acid-base abnormality observed in patients who are critically ill. Separate web pages of this site have numerous studies that show that terminally sick patients with cancer, cystic fibrosis, HIV, and other conditions have up to 30-40 breaths per minute or more at rest. The majority of terminally sick people die in conditions of severe hypocapnia due to heavy and fast breathing. Severe hypocarbia: the most common cause/factor of mortality in the severely sick More information about symptoms of hypocapnia can be found here: symptoms of hyperventilation. These and other physiological effects associated with low CO2 and low oxygen levels in body cells, with numerous medical studies, are provided below (in CO2-related links). The key pathological effect of both, alveolar and arterial hypocapnia is reduced levels of oxygen in body cells (tissue hypoxia), This promotes virtually all chronic diseases. Among other common symptoms of hypocapnia are bronchospasm, cold extremities, mouth breathing, exacerbations of asthma, angina pain, and many others. They are very wide and range from chronic coughing and nasal congestion to constipation, coughing and muscle cramps. Since hypocapnia is based on chronic hyperventilation, its symptoms are the same as the symptoms of hyperventilation. Respiratory and other symptoms of hypocarbia In contrast, hypercapnic patients and even most normal subjects breathe over 10 L/min and have over 18 breaths/min for respiratory frequency.Īmong lifestyle factors that cause hyperventilation and hypocarbia are physical exercise with mouth breathing, meals (eating and especially overeating), stress, anxiety, overheating, attempts to breathe deeply, deep breathing exercises (except slow ones, like Pranayama), supine sleep and being in the horizontal position, poor posture and many other factors (see Causes of Hyperventilation web page). Normal breathing is imperceptible or unperceivable since it is small and light (10-12 breaths/min, 500 ml for tidal volume, and 6 L/min for minute ventilation at rest for a 70-kg person). Hypocarbia is caused by chronic hyperventilation (or an automatic deep breathing pattern) leading to alveolar hypocapnia (lack of CO2), and if there is no ventilation-perfusion mismatch, to arterial CO2 deficiency. Furthermore, this Table also identifies the cause of hypocapnia. Most of these patients (with heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and so forth) have arterial hypocarbia as well. (People with lung conditions often have arterial hypercapnia (elevated CO2) caused by alveolar hypocapnia since alveolar hypocapnia immediately causes bronchospasm.) These studies (see the Table below) show that alveolar hypocapnia is very common for many chronic diseases. Severe alveolar hypocapnia generally leads to arterial hypocapnia, which causes respiratory alkalosis. ![]() The arterial CO2 value for normal breathing at rest is 40 mm Hg (or about 5.3% CO2 partial pressure at sea level).Īnother term “alveolar hypocapnia” describes low CO2 levels in the alveoli of the lungs. Most medical sources define hypocapnia as less than 35 mm Hg for partial CO2 pressure in the arterial blood. Hypocapnia (hypocapnea, also known as hypocarbia) is defined as a deficiency of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood. Medically Reviewed by Naziliya Rakhimova, MD Definition of Low CO2 (hypocapnia) ![]()
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